The 1990 Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement: A Breakthrough in European Integration

The Schengen Agreement, signed in 1985 by five European countries - France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands - aimed to abolish internal border controls and enhance cooperation on security and justice matters. However, it wasn`t until the 1990 Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement that the vision of a borderless Europe became a reality. In this article, we will explore the significance of the convention and its impact on European integration.

Background

Before the Schengen Agreement, European countries had different immigration policies and border controls. The 1985 agreement aimed to remove these barriers and facilitate the free movement of people and goods within the participating countries. However, it wasn`t until the signing of the 1990 Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement that the necessary legal framework was established.

Key Provisions

The Convention introduced a number of key provisions that paved the way for a borderless Europe:

1. Abolition of systematic internal border controls: The participating countries agreed to abolish systematic border controls at their mutual borders. This meant that people and goods could move freely without the need for passport controls.

2. Common external border controls: In order to maintain security and prevent illegal immigration, the participating countries agreed to strengthen their external borders. This included the establishment of common rules for the issuing of visas and the sharing of information on potential security threats.

3. Police and judicial cooperation: The convention strengthened cooperation between police and judicial authorities in the participating countries. This included the exchange of information on criminal activities and the establishment of joint investigation teams.

Impact

The 1990 Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement had a profound impact on European integration. Here are some of the key ways in which it changed the landscape of Europe:

1. Free movement: The abolition of internal border controls allowed people and goods to move freely within the participating countries. This enhanced economic integration and facilitated cross-border trade.

2. Boosted tourism: The ease of travel within Schengen countries made it easier for tourists to visit multiple destinations without the hassle of border controls.

3. Stronger security: The common external border controls and the increased cooperation between police and judicial authorities made Europe a safer place. It also reinforced the idea of European solidarity in the face of security threats.

4. Enhanced European identity: The Schengen Agreement and the 1990 Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement are symbols of European integration. They represent a shared vision of a borderless Europe and demonstrate the willingness of European countries to work together for the greater good.

Conclusion

The 1990 Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement was a significant milestone in the history of European integration. It paved the way for free movement within the participating countries and boosted economic and social integration. It also reinforced the idea of European solidarity and collaboration in the face of common challenges. Today, the Schengen Area includes 26 European countries, demonstrating the success and enduring significance of the convention.