IV. the British Government, which has required the State of Lahore to pay one and a half crore rupees in compensation for the costs of the war in addition to the surrender of the territory described in Article 3 and the Government of Lahore is not in a position at that time to pay the full amount or to provide the British Government with sufficient security for its eventual payment, The Maharaja cedes to the Honorable Company in permanent sovereignty all its forts, territories, rights and interests in the mountainous lands between the Beas and Indus rivers, including the provinces of Kashmir and Hazarah. The British then sold Kashmir to the Raja of Jammu, Gulab Singh, for 7.5 million rupees (75 lakhs). The purchase contract was concluded on March 16, 1846 in the Treaty of Amritsar and signed by Gulab Singh, Hardinge, Currie and Lawrence. [28] Gulab Singh thus became the founder and first Maharaja of the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu. To pay for this, Kashmiris were heavily taxed from the beginning and complained of being sold into slavery, and many lituratures were written by British writers in connection with these contracts.[7][8][9][19][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The Slavery Abolition Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. IV c. 73) abolished slavery throughout the British Empire. Abolition of Slavery Act of 1833 (3 & 4 Will. IV c.

73) entered into force before the signing of the Treaty of Amritsar (1846) (16 March 1846). As early as 1868, Robert Thorp stated in the book Cashmere Misgovernment that the people of Kashmir were being sold into slavery to Gulab Singh. [20] Arthur Brinkman, in his essay "The Wrongs of Cashmere" written in December 1867, also wrote: "informs the reader of the miserable condition of a people whom we have sold against their inclination and cry united to us." Arthur Brinkman was an Anglican missionary and Anglican missionary groups had worked with the Anti Slavery Society a few years earlier to advance the Slavery Abolition Act 1833[21] VII. The regular army of the state of Lahore will henceforth be limited to 25 infantry battalions, each consisting of 800 bayonets with twelve thousand cavalry – this number cannot be exceeded at any time without the consent of the British government. If it proves necessary at any time - for a particular reason - to reinforce this force, the cause shall be fully explained to the British Government and, when the special needs are completed, the regular troops shall be reduced to the standard set out in the preceding clause of this Article. During the First Anglo-Sikh War, Maharaja Gulab Singh Jamwal (Dogra) helped the British Empire against the Sikhs. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] After the defeat of the Sikh Empire, the Treaty of Lahore (March 9, 1846) and the Treaty of Amritsar (1846) (March 16, 1846) were signed. The Maharaja undertook to disband the mutinous troops of the Army of Lahore by depriving them of their weapons, and His Highness agreed to reorganize the regular regiments or Aeen of infantry according to the system and according to the regulations on salaries and allowances observed at the time of the late Maharaja Runjeet Sing. The Maharaja further undertakes to pay all arrears to soldiers released in accordance with the provisions of this article.

This treaty, which includes sixteen articles, was signed today by Frederick Currie, Squire, and Brevet Major Henry Montgomery Lawrence under the direction of the Right Honourable Sir Henry Hardinge, G.C.B., Governor General, by the British Government and by Bhaee Ram Sing, Rajah Lal Sing, Sirdar Tej Sing, Sirdar Chuttur Sing Attareewalla, Sirdar Runjore Sing Majeethia, Dewan Deena Nath and Faqueer Noorooddeen by Maharaja Dhuleep Sing, and the said treaty was ratified today by the seal of the Right Honourable Sir Henry Hardinge, G.C.B., Governor-General, and by that of His Highness Maharajah Dhuleep Sing. .